Lloyd’s of London will invest 40 million pounds ($76 million) in regions affected by the transatlantic slave trade, after a report showed the commercial insurance market had, had strong links to the trade.
Key points:
- Lloyd’s of London is the world’s largest insurance market, and is at least 335 years old, first having been mentioned in 1688
- Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have determined it played a large role in enabling the transatlantic slave trade
- They estimate at least one-third of all slaving voyages leaving Britain in 1807, for example, came through Lloyd’s for underwriting
Lloyd’s will also spend around 12 million pounds on a program to improve recruitment and progression for black and other ethnic minority employees in the commercial insurance market, including bursaries for black university students, it said in a statement released on Wednesday.
Lloyd’s formed part of a sophisticated network of financial interests that made the slave trade possible, according to research published by Black Beyond Data, based at Johns Hopkins University.
The research was funded by the Mellon Foundation, and Lloyd’s said it had no editorial control over the findings.
The 335-year-old insurance market apologised in 2020 for its role in facilitating the 18th and 19th-century slave trade.
“We’ve asked ourselves how we could have the greatest impact,” Lloyd’s chairman Bruce Carnegie-Brown said.
“We can’t change the wrongs of the past, but we can make a difference today.”
Lloyd’s said its Central Fund will invest $US25 million ($39 million) in a bond administered by the African Development Bank and the same amount in a bond administered by the Inter-American Development Bank.
The bonds will support the UN Sustainable Development Goal of “reduced inequality”.
The Lloyd’s market is made up of nearly 50,000 people, and Lloyd’s also wants one in three new hires to come from ethnic minorities. The figure was 17 per cent in 2022.
Historians estimate between one and two-thirds of the British marine insurance market was based on the slave trade in the 18th century.
Alexandre White, an assistant professor at Johns Hopkins University, said the Black Beyond Data team had examined material from the Lloyd’s archive, including ledgers where insurers recorded policies for ships leaving Liverpool as part of the trade.
“Lloyd’s played a central role in the underwriting of marine insurance pertaining to the slave trade,” he said.
The Black Beyond Data research showed at least one-third of all slaving voyages leaving Britain in 1807, for example, came through Lloyd’s for the underwriting of particular legs or the whole voyage.
The research also showed that Joseph Marryat, Lloyd’s of London chairman from 1811 to 1824, had enslaved people, Dr White added.
“There’s no way to compensate for the damage that has been done — too much has happened,” said Junior Garba, co-founder of Equity, which provides recruitment and mentoring services for minority groups in the insurance sector.
Mr Garba added that Lloyd’s initiatives were “a good starting point”.
The Church of England earlier this year committed 100 million pounds ($190 million) to address the “shameful” wrongs of its links to slavery.
The United Nations has said countries should consider financial reparations among measures to compensate for the enslavement of people of African descent.
African and Caribbean entities have called for reparations, and the European Union has hinted at them. Some US senators also support reparations.
Reuters